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    • He was one of four former top executives from Sam Bankman-Fried's firms to plead guilty to charges.View the full article
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    • further polished WS using above suggestions and also included couple of more modifications highlighted in orange are those ok to include?   Background   1.1  The Defendant received the Parking Charge Notice (PCN) on the 06th of January 2020 following the vehicle being parked at Arla Old Dairy, South Ruislip on the 05th of December 2019.   Unfair PCN   2.1  On 19th December 2023 the Defendant sent the Claimant's solicitors a CPR request.  As shown in Exhibit 1 (pages 7-13) sent by the solicitors the signage displayed in their evidence clearly shows a £60.00 parking charge notice (which will be reduced to £30 if paid within 14 days of issue).  2.2  Yet the PCN sent by the Claimant is for a £100.00 parking charge notice (reduced to £60 if paid within 30 days of issue).   2.3        The Claimant relies on signage to create a contract.  It is unlawful for the Claimant to write that the charge is £60 on their signs and then send demands for £100.    2.4        The unlawful £100 charge is also the basis for the Claimant's Particulars of Claim.  No Locus Standi  3.1  I do not believe a contract with the landowner, that is provided following the defendant’s CPR request, gives MET Parking Services a right to bring claims in their own name. Definition of “Relevant contract” from the Protection of Freedoms Act 2012, Schedule 4,  2 [1] means a contract Including a contract arising only when the vehicle was parked on the relevant land between the driver and a person who is-   (a) the owner or occupier of the land; or   (b) Authorised, under or by virtue of arrangements made by the owner or occupier of the land, to enter into a contract with the driver requiring the payment of parking charges in respect of the parking of the vehicle on the land. According to https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/44   For a contract to be valid, it requires a director from each company to sign and then two independent witnesses must confirm those signatures.   3.2  The Defendant requested to see such a contract in the CPR request.  The fact that no contract has been produced with the witness signatures present means the contract has not been validly executed. Therefore, there can be no contract established between MET Parking Services and the motorist. Even if “Parking in Electric Bay” could form a contract (which it cannot), it is immaterial. There is no valid contract.  Illegal Conduct – No Contract Formed   4.1 At the time of writing, the Claimant has failed to provide the following, in response to the CPR request from myself.   4.2        The legal contract between the Claimant and the landowner (which in this case is Standard Life Investments UK) to provide evidence that there is an agreement in place with landowner with the necessary authority to issue parking charge notices and to pursue payment by means of litigation.   4.3 Proof of planning permission granted for signage etc under the Town and country Planning Act 1990. Lack of planning permission is a criminal offence under this Act and no contract can be formed where criminality is involved.   4.4        I also do not believe the claimant possesses these documents.   No Keeper Liability   5.1        The defendant was not the driver at the time and date mentioned in the PCN and the claimant has not established keeper liability under schedule 4 of the PoFA 2012. In this matter, the defendant puts it to the claimant to produce strict proof as to who was driving at the time.   5.2 The claimant in their Notice To Keeper also failed to comply with PoFA 2012 Schedule 4 section 9[2][f] while mentioning “the right to recover from the keeper so much of that parking charge as remains unpaid” where they did not include statement “(if all the applicable conditions under this Schedule are met)”.     5.3         The claimant did not mention parking period, times on the photographs are separate from the PCN and in any case are that arrival and departure times not the parking period since their times include driving to and from the parking space as a minimum and can include extra time to allow pedestrians and other vehicles to pass in front.    Protection of Freedoms Act 2012   The notice must -   (a) specify the vehicle, the relevant land on which it was parked and the period of parking to which the notice relates;  22. In the persuasive judgement K4GF167G - Premier Park Ltd v Mr Mathur - Horsham County Court – 5 January 2024 it was on this very point that the judge dismissed this claim.  5.4  A the PCN does not comply with the Act the Defendant as keeper is not liable.  No Breach of Contract   6.1       No breach of contract occurred because the PCN and contract provided as part of the defendant’s CPR request shows different post code, PCN shows HA4 0EY while contract shows HA4 0FY. According to PCN defendant parked on HA4 0EY which does not appear to be subject to the postcode covered by the contract.  6.2         The entrance sign does not mention anything about there being other terms inside the car park so does not offer a contract which makes it only an offer to treat,  Interest  7.1  It is unreasonable for the Claimant to delay litigation for  Double Recovery   7.2  The claim is littered with made-up charges.  7.3  As noted above, the Claimant's signs state a £60 charge yet their PCN is for £100.  7.4  As well as the £100 parking charge, the Claimant seeks recovery of an additional £70.  This is simply a poor attempt to circumvent the legal costs cap at small claims.  7.5 Since 2019, many County Courts have considered claims in excess of £100 to be an abuse of process leading to them being struck out ab initio. An example, in the Caernarfon Court in VCS v Davies, case No. FTQZ4W28 on 4th September 2019, District Judge Jones-Evans stated “Upon it being recorded that District Judge Jones- Evans has over a very significant period of time warned advocates (...) in many cases of this nature before this court that their claim for £60 is unenforceable in law and is an abuse of process and is nothing more than a poor attempt to go behind the decision of the Supreme Court v Beavis which inter alia decided that a figure of £160 as a global sum claimed in this case would be a penalty and not a genuine pre-estimate of loss and therefore unenforceable in law and if the practice continued, he would treat all cases as a claim for £160 and therefore a penalty and unenforceable in law it is hereby declared (…) the claim is struck out and declared to be wholly without merit and an abuse of process.”  7.6 In Claim Nos. F0DP806M and F0DP201T, District Judge Taylor echoed earlier General Judgment or Orders of District Judge Grand, stating ''It is ordered that the claim is struck out as an abuse of process. The claim contains a substantial charge additional to the parking charge which it is alleged the Defendant contracted to pay. This additional charge is not recoverabl15e under the Protection of Freedoms Act 2012, Schedule 4 nor with reference to the judgment in Parking Eye v Beavis. It is an abuse of process from the Claimant to issue a knowingly inflated claim for an additional sum which it is not entitled to recover. This order has been made by the court of its own initiative without a hearing pursuant to CPR Rule 3.3(4)) of the Civil Procedure Rules 1998...''  7.7 In the persuasive case of G4QZ465V - Excel Parking Services Ltd v Wilkinson – Bradford County Court -2 July 2020 (Exhibit 4) the judge had decided that Excel had won. However, due to Excel adding on the £60 the Judge dismissed the case.  7.8        The addition of costs not previously specified on signage are also in breach of the Consumer Rights Act 2015, Schedule 2, specifically paras 6, 10 and 14.   7.9        It is the Defendant’s position that the Claimant in this case has knowingly submitted inflated costs and thus the entire claim should be similarly struck out in accordance with Civil Procedure Rule 3.3(4).   In Conclusion   8.1        I invite the court to dismiss the claim.  Statement of Truth  I believe that the facts stated in this witness statement are true. I understand that proceedings for contempt of court may be brought against anyone who makes, or causes to be made, a false statement in a document verified by a statement of truth without an honest belief in its truth.   
    • Well the difference is that in all our other cases It was Kev who was trying to entrap the motorist so sticking two fingers up to him and daring him to try court was from a position of strength. In your case, sorry, you made a mistake so you're not in the position of strength.  I've looked on Google Maps and the signs are few & far between as per Kev's MO, but there is an entrance sign saying "Pay & Display" (and you've admitted in writing that you knew you had to pay) and the signs by the payment machines do say "Sea View Car Park" (and you've admitted in writing you paid the wrong car park ... and maybe outed yourself as the driver). Something I missed in my previous post is that the LoC is only for one ticket, not two. Sorry, but it's impossible to definitively advise what to so. Personally I'd probably gamble on Kev being a serial bottler of court and reply with a snotty letter ridiculing the signage (given you mentioned the signage in your appeal) - but it is a gamble.  
    • No! What has happened is that your pix were up-to-date: 5 hours' maximum stay and £100 PCN. The lazy solicitors have sent ancient pictures: 4 hours' maximum stay and £60 PCN. Don't let on!  Let them be hoisted by their own lazy petard in the court hearing (if they don't bottle before).
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    • If you are buying a used car – you need to read this survival guide.
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    • Hello,

      On 15/1/24 booked appointment with Big Motoring World (BMW) to view a mini on 17/1/24 at 8pm at their Enfield dealership.  

      Car was dirty and test drive was two circuits of roundabout on entry to the showroom.  Was p/x my car and rushed by sales exec and a manager into buying the mini and a 3yr warranty that night, sale all wrapped up by 10pm.  They strongly advised me taking warranty out on car that age (2017) and confirmed it was honoured at over 500 UK registered garages.

      The next day, 18/1/24 noticed amber engine warning light on dashboard , immediately phoned BMW aftercare team to ask for it to be investigated asap at nearest garage to me. After 15 mins on hold was told only their 5 service centres across the UK can deal with car issues with earliest date for inspection in March ! Said I’m not happy with that given what sales team advised or driving car. Told an amber warning light only advisory so to drive with caution and call back when light goes red.

      I’m not happy to do this, drive the car or with the after care experience (a sign of further stresses to come) so want a refund and to return the car asap.

      Please can you advise what I need to do today to get this done. 
       

      Many thanks 
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    • Housing Association property flooding. https://www.consumeractiongroup.co.uk/topic/438641-housing-association-property-flooding/&do=findComment&comment=5124299
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    • We have finally managed to obtain the transcript of this case.

      The judge's reasoning is very useful and will certainly be helpful in any other cases relating to third-party rights where the customer has contracted with the courier company by using a broker.
      This is generally speaking the problem with using PackLink who are domiciled in Spain and very conveniently out of reach of the British justice system.

      Frankly I don't think that is any accident.

      One of the points that the judge made was that the customers contract with the broker specifically refers to the courier – and it is clear that the courier knows that they are acting for a third party. There is no need to name the third party. They just have to be recognisably part of a class of person – such as a sender or a recipient of the parcel.

      Please note that a recent case against UPS failed on exactly the same issue with the judge held that the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 did not apply.

      We will be getting that transcript very soon. We will look at it and we will understand how the judge made such catastrophic mistakes. It was a very poor judgement.
      We will be recommending that people do include this adverse judgement in their bundle so that when they go to county court the judge will see both sides and see the arguments against this adverse judgement.
      Also, we will be to demonstrate to the judge that we are fair-minded and that we don't mind bringing everything to the attention of the judge even if it is against our own interests.
      This is good ethical practice.

      It would be very nice if the parcel delivery companies – including EVRi – practised this kind of thing as well.

       

      OT APPROVED, 365MC637, FAROOQ, EVRi, 12.07.23 (BRENT) - J v4.pdf
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H.O.L Test case appeal. Judgement Declared. ***See Announcements***


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I remain unconvinced that regulation 5 is going to help in the majority of cases. The point is that for regulation 5 to apply you have to clear the hurdle of regulation 6 (2) (b). If there is one thing that has come out of this case it is that regulation 6 (2) (b) applies to bank charges and also that no bank charges are concealed default charges.

 

I have never felt that the UTCCRs were going to help the cause. They are more than anything about protection of the consumer against nasty clauses sneaked into contracts that the consumer does not have the opportunity to negotiate. They are not about any form of price control and say so clearly. There is nothing in them that allows assessment of whether the price paid by the consumer for goods or services (as opposed to a default charge) is excessive having regard to the cost to the supplier. In short, they allow a man to drive a hard bargain.

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they think we are going to go away and from the comments on here and other forums I think people are just going to go away which is what the banks and the goverment and the courts want, thats half the problem with this country no one has any fight left in them its just eaiser to lie down and accept it.

 

LOL Oh, I'm non too sure. Once people just kept silent, went about their business and go on with life. I think these days people are prepared to speak out 'just' a little more.

 

What seems to have changed are that everything has to be politically correct these days. So it's not always what you say but how you say it. My own problem with that is that I often come over verbally incorrect.

 

Now time for an example of humour today - totally off topic but please bear with me. I went to the JC to sign on. The replacement lady was friendly (now that's a bit of a surprise!). Anyhow she found me a potential job. Looking at the print-out I mentioned that it was headed 'maternity leave'. Although she offered to take it back I said I'll try but had some questions for her. 'It's says on here that you should have good literacy skills, what are they?' She answered my question fully. 'Hmm, it says good numeric skill required, what are they?' Again she answered my question completely. 'Now this maternity leave thing, does that mean I have to get involved with the lady on this maternity leave or look after her kids or something?' She replied that fully what maternity leave was about etc. This is my point you see, it was not until I admitted I was joking that she sat there for a moment then simply smiled. No humour, not an ounce of it and yet she can see my previous work records but she did not even manage to work it out.

 

Michael

When I was young I thought that money was the most important thing in life; now that I am old I know that it is. (Oscar Wilde)

--I like to be helpful wherever possible however I'm not qualified in this field. I do consider carefully anything important (normally from personal experience) however please understand that any actions taken are at your own risk--

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There was one yesterday under announcements from alanfromderby

Have to drop off my daughter at Browniees, will post it later

 

This is what was posted on the site yesterday to use for lifting the stay, as apparently POCs that refer to the UTCCR would be OK (?)

 

Dear Sir/Madam

 

I refer to my claim number ...... for the refund of bank charges dated ......., which was stayed on

 

I understand that the Judicial Press Office has advised Claimants to write and request a lifting of their stayed claim

 

As my claim for Bank Charges is brought under Regulation 5 of the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999, and is therefore not affected by the recent Supreme Court Judgement, in fact the Supreme Court has indicated that a challenge to "fairness" of my Banking Contract under Regulation 5 may be an appropriate route to take.

 

I therefore request that the stay be lifted, that any necessary directions be given, and that a date be listed for a hearing of my claim

 

Hope this has now not been changed again within 24 hrs ?

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As I understand it, and the argument put forward by the OFT was on the price being disproportionate - to which the banks said yes, but look at 6(2)(b).

 

The regulation 5 argument is more based on the fact that the customer was never able to agree these charges individually, and that they create an imbalance in the position of each party which is unfair to the consumer.

 

Although, please bear in mind that I am only just getting to grips with this myself.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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'Car2403' - This might sound a really silly question but why did the OFT 'NOT' use those sections?

 

Michael

 

Well, they must have thought that Regulation 6 was a smoking gun - the Court disagreed. (Well, the Court that matters disagreed :mad:)

 

As Alan has said, Regulation 5 goes to the Core of the Contract, rather than just review the charges issue in isolation - it's perhaps more risky, as it's an effective challenge of the whole contract, not just the fairness of the charge, so might need additional supporting argument. This is the reason that those with stayed claims are having it suggested to hold fire on doing anything for a few weeks, until the impact of this decision and the need to amend the POC already used by those on CAG (which includes Regulation 5 - I feel sorry for others that didn't use CAG templates, which didn't include Reg 5) is throughly known.

 

Everyone with a claim must, must, must now go back to their paperwork and review the Courts orders - mine say that I must inform the Court of my intentions of how I want the claim managed within 28 days of the final determination of the OFT Test Case. It's important that everyone complies with the Courts directions, as they risk having their claims struck out, potentially without liberty to apply to reinstate, if they don't. This would make life a hell of a lot easier for the Banks. :eek:

 

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Everyone with a claim must, must, must now go back to their paperwork and review the Courts orders - mine say that I must inform the Court of my intentions of how I want the claim managed within 28 days of the final determination of the OFT Test Case. It's important that everyone complies with the Courts directions, as they risk having their claims struck out, potentially without liberty to apply to reinstate, if they don't. This would make life a hell of a lot easier for the Banks. :eek:

 

Hi Chris:)

 

Should this info be put in a prominent place on the forum, just in case a lot of people don't check their paperwork from the court and in doing so risk getting their claims dismissed - just as the banks are hoping will happen?

 

My 2p;)

 

Regards,

 

Landy x

LTSB PPI on various loans (current/settled) - Refunded inc 8%

 

MBNA 1 Charges - Refunded inc CI

 

MBNA 1 PPI - Refunded

 

MBNA 2 Charges - Refunded inc 8%

 

MBNA 2 PPI - Refunded

 

MBNA 2 Accident Ins - Refunded

 

Swift Advances (settled) Mortgage Charges -Partially refunded

 

Swift Advances (settled) Mortgage PPI - Refunded inc CI & 8%

 

Sainsburys (settled) Loan PPI - Refunded inc CI +8%

 

Sainsburys (closed) Card Charges - Refunded inc CI + 8%

 

M&S Money (closed) Card Charges - Refunded inc CI

 

M&S Money (closed) Card PPI - Refunded inc 8%

 

Direct Line (settled) Loan PPI - Refunded inc CI + 8%

 

Debenhams Card (closed) PPI - Refunded inc 8%

 

Swift Mortgage Charges -Refunded

 

Hitachi Finance (closed) Charges - Refunded

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As Alan has said, Regulation 5 goes to the Core of the Contract, rather than just review the charges issue in isolation - it's perhaps more risky, as it's an effective challenge of the whole contract, not just the fairness of the charge, so might need additional supporting argument. This is the reason that those with stayed claims are having it suggested to hold fire on doing anything for a few weeks, until the impact of this decision and the need to amend the POC already used by those on CAG (which includes Regulation 5 - I feel sorry for others that didn't use CAG templates, which didn't include Reg 5) is throughly known.

 

I just want to clarify the bit in bold a bit more, for those reading it.

 

When I say it's more risky, there's 2 sides to that thought.

 

Firstly, it's more risky for us (see below, though ;)) as if the claim gets to a Court, a Judge may be less likely to agree with us, as the whole contract would be challenged, in effect, not just the charges. This could seriously undo the Banks ability to function, effectively saying that no bank customer - aware of it or not - is bound by their agreement with their Bank.

 

On the other hand, and secondly, for those same reasons, the Banks are far less likely to be able to defend the claim - plus the risk is higher for them, if they choose to do so.

 

Me thinks there will be more claims settled and less chance of the Banks turning up to defend their positions, if that was the case. In other words, higher risk, higher reward, for consumers. ;)

 

Please check my signature disclaimer - these are my initial thoughts, and I don't offer legal advice, so please don't read this as being such. :)

 

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Well, they must have thought that Regulation 6 was a smoking gun - the Court disagreed. (Well, the Court that matters disagreed :mad:)

 

Why on earth didn't the OFT challenge the charges using broader legislation, which would obviously encompass section 5... pointless exercise imo.

An appeaser is one who feeds a crocodile, hoping it will eat him last. <br />

Winston Churchill

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On the other hand, and secondly, for those same reasons, the Banks are far less likely to be able to defend the claim - plus the risk is higher for them, if they choose to do so.

 

Me thinks there will be more claims settled and less chance of the Banks turning up to defend their positions, if that was the case. In other words, higher risk, higher reward, for consumers. :wink:

 

I agree 100% this is unknown territory for them as much as us as it was in 2006 when all this started.

 

Why on earth didn't the OFT challenge the charges using broader legislation, which would obviously encompass section 5... pointless exercise imo.

 

This is a very very good question and I would like to know the reason hopefully this will become clear in time

 

 

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In response to Alan's post insofar as Reg 5 would challenge the whole Banking Contract, I thought that Reg 5 could be used to assess the whole or part of the core terms of a contract.

 

It's only my opinion and view but it makes logical sense as far as the UTCCR's are concerned in their application?

 

Discussion and put downs welcome ;)

srfrench :eek:

 

Fight incompetance, stupidity, greed and unfairness......There's no excuse and no place for it in society, unless they really are! :wink:

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In response to Alan's post insofar as Reg 5 would challenge the whole Banking Contract, I thought that Reg 5 could be used to assess the whole or part of the core terms of a contract.

 

It's only my opinion and view but it makes logical sense as far as the UTCCR's are concerned in their application?

 

Discussion and put downs welcome ;)

 

The UTCCRs are The Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations and not The Unfair Consumer Contracts Regulations.

 

Regulation 6 (2) is important:

 

(2) In so far as it is in plain intelligible language, the assessment of fairness of a term shall not relate-

 

(a) to the definition of the main subject matter of the contract, or

 

(b) to the adequacy of the price or remuneration, as against the goods or services supplied in exchange.

 

This means that the core terms are excluded from assessment as well as the appropriateness if the price.

 

So, if you book a hotel room and agree to pay £150 for it the core term is the provision of the room in exchange for £150. If the booking conditions say that if you do not leave by 12 noon you must pay £75 compensation that is a term that can be assessed for fairness and is likely to be found to be unfair because the amount you have to pay is disproportionate to any loss suffered by the hotel.

 

What this case has decided is that bank charges are the price you pay for the room and not the compensation for staying in the room too long.

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Hi all,

I've been reading with interest all your comments re S.5 and it got me thinking.

I am a self confessed hoarder and after a bit of rummageing came up with some old bank statements from both my business and personal accounts from way back.

I had accounts with the BOS from 1984 and from the outset I had an agreed overdraft which frequently became unagreed or unauthorised and was at times £3000+ not once was there a charge on these accounts until 14/11/1989 when I was charged £6 for a returned DD.

 

At that time you went and agreed an overdraft with the manager verbally no signing of contract + terms and conditions etc and you could negotiate a rate of interest.

Over the years these charges crept up from £6 to £12 then £20, £25,£28 finally £38

 

I for one never negotiated these charges and am wondering if anyone else out there is as much of a hoarder as me.

 

I think it would be interesting to find out when other banks started applying charges to accounts?

 

Did the banking cartel sit down in 1989 and decide this was a great way to extract more from their customers?

 

I know that this is a long time ago for most people and way outside the six year limit but if there is a link showing a pattern of monopoly by the banks, it may have more weight when trying to use s5.

 

your comments would be most appreciated tigger.

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A few months down the line the courts will no doubt have a tidying up sessions and dismiss those claims that are still on hold, or the banks will apply en bloc.

Can they really do that Alan, or will they, as you later suggested, individually study each case?

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Wow - I'm not on my own after all.

 

How could this ever succeed. After all it was brought by people with aspirations of greater things. It would have been far better if consumer champions from this and other sites had been involved.

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Hi all,

 

 

Did the banking cartel sit down in 1989 and decide this was a great way to extract more from their customers?

 

 

Yep, '89/'90 seems to be the year that they collectively had the same lightbulb moment.

 

Prior to that the local branch manager, who invariably went to school with your mum and had played the odd round of golf with your old man, usually phoned you up and asked if everything was OK and checked you were going to get paid as usual on the 28th, and to pop in and see him if things were getting a little tough.

 

Oh, such innocent times. :)

 

Try telling that to the kids today :(

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