Enforceability of Credit Agreements
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2. Agreements that are not properly executed
If an agreement is
not properly executed as defined in section 61(1) of the Consumer Credit Act 1974 then Section 65 says that it can only be enforced by a court.
However, the Court's powers to enforce an agreement that is not properly executed and that was entered into before 2006 are limited by Section 127(3) of the Act.
This section says that an agreement that is not properly executed can only be enforced if it consists of a single document
a) signed by the debtor, and
b) has the prescribed terms
The prescribed terms for enforceability under s127(3) are given in Schedule 6of the Consumer Credit (Agreements) Regulations 1983:
For fixed sum loans (e.g. bank loans, hire purchase agreements) the agreement must contain:
- A term stating the amount of the credit
For running account agreements (e.g. credit cards) the agreement must contain:
- A term stating the credit limit or the manner in which it will be determined or that there is no credit limit.
In all cases, the agreement must contain:
- A term stating how the debtor is to discharge his obligations under the agreement to make the repayments, which may be expressed by reference to a combination of any of the following--
(a) number of repayments;
(b) amount of repayments;
(c) frequency and timing of repayments;
(d) dates of repayments;
(e) the manner in which any of the above may be determined;
or in any other way, and any power of the creditor to vary what is payable.
(For hire agreements, there are other details given in Schedules 3 and 4).
All running account credit agreements and agreements for fixed sum loans which fall within certain exemptions (Schedule 1 paragraph 9 - usually if either of the other relevant prescribed terms are missing) must also have
- A term stating the rate of any interest
on the credit to be provided under the agreement
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Summary
1. A properly executed agreement is enforceable
2. An agreement that is not properly executed and was signed before 2006 is not enforceable unless it has the debtor's
signature
and the prescribed terms in the same document.